Tool dressing means



Dec. 2, 1958 W.YP. MCKAIN TOOL DRESSING MEANS Filed Jan. 11, 1956 'FIG36 7 KW mm mm m, .m- P R ,1 E m a, W

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United States Patent TOOL DRESSING MEANS Walter P. McKain, Parkersburg,W. Va., assignor, by mesne assignments, to Fada Radio & Electric Co.,Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio, a corporation of New York Application January11, 1956, Serial No. 558,565

7 Claims. 01. 76--5) This invention relates to tool dressing means. Ithas to do particularly with improvements in the cooperating memberswhich act ,on the metal of the tool in the dressing operation and with amethod .of controlling the metal flow during dressing of the toolwherebysuperior results are obtained. 7 p

' The general field in which this invention lies is that of copendingapplication Serial No. 512,764, filed June 2, 1955. That applicationdiscloses a tool dressing machine comprising a two-part die comprisingopposed die halves adapted to fit together to generally surround theheated cutting end of a tool to be dressed and a ooop erating dressingroller adapted to roll over the heated end of the tool which is disposedwithin the die to forge the metal of the tool to sharpen the tool. Thetool dress ing operation involves the application of great pressure tothe metal of the end of the tool while that metal is at forgingtemperature and it has been found that on occasions some of the metalflows out laterally (i. e., forms lateral flash) between the roller andthe die. Such lateral metal flow results in improper dressing of thetool.

I provide for dressing a tool so as to obviate lateral flow of the metalof the tool between the die and the dressing roller or other dressingmember cooperating with the die. My improved method comprises heating toforging temperature the end of the tool to be dressed, substantiallysurrounding the heated end of the tool by a die, pressing a dressingmember against the heated end of the tool and moving it generallytransversely to the axis of the tool to forge the metal of the heatedend of the tool to dress the tool and during such forging inhibitinglateral flow of metal between the die and the dressing member andcausing the metal to flow between the die and the dressing membergenerally in the direction of relative movement between the die and thedressing member. I provide for positively blocking lateral flow of metalbetween the die and the dressing member and for the maintaining ofclearance between the die and the dressing member in the direction ofmovement of the dressing member transversely of the axis of the tool tocause the metal to flow between the die and the dressing membergenerally in that direction.

My improved tool dressing means comprises multipart die means adapted togenerally surround the heated cutting end of a tool to be dressed andhaving bearing portions extending transversely thereof generallyparallel to and at opposite sides of the center line of the die 'meansat which the cutting edge of the tool is disposed during dressing and adressing member adapted to be moved over the die means to dress theheated cutting end of the tool, the dressing member having bearingportions engaging the bearing portions of the die means as the dressingmember moves over the die means and the dressing member having an activeportion between the bearing portions thereof adapted to engage theheated cutting end of the tool to be dressed, the die means and theactive portion of the dressing member being relative- 1y shaped toprovide space therebetween Wh'en'the dressing member moves past an endof the cutting edge of the tool with its bearing portions against thebearing portions of the die means to permit metal of the heated cuttingend of the tool to flow into the space ahead of the dressing memberwhile the dressing member is advancing whereby to inhibit lateral flowof metal between the die means and the dressing member.

I preferably provide dressing member guiding means extendingtransversely of the die means and dispose the portion of the dressingmember facing the die means in between and guided by the guiding means.The guiding means perform a two-fold function. They prevent lat-.

. eral displacement of the dressing member and cause the posed in thedie.

dressing member to generate a cutting edge on the tool which will be acurvilinear line in the vertical plane passing through the center of thedie means and longitudinally of the tool being dressed. Prior to thepresent invention the only means for maintaining the dressing member inthe desired verticalplane during dressing of the tool was therestrainingeffect of the two cylinders and piston rods operating thedressing member. With the incidence of wear in the clevises and pinssupporting the cylinders their restraining eifect was reduced. Theguiding means which I provide positively insure maintenance of thedressing member in the desired vertical plane throughout the dressingoperation. The guiding means in addition to guiding the dressingmemberfalso inhibit or block lateral flow of metal during dressing ofthe tool. The guiding means cooperate with the die means and the activeportion of the dressing member to cause the metal of the heated cuttingend of the tool. being dressed to flow ahead of the dressing member andnot laterally between the die means and the dressing member. Thedressing member is preferably a dressing roller. and means arepreferably provided for rolling the roller over the die means to dresstheheated cutting end of the tool while exerting heavy pressure againstthe roller to shape the heated metal of the tool end. The die means andthe active portion of thedressingj member are preferably generallycomplementally shaped except that the die means is recessed oppositepart, of the active portion of the dressing member to provide spacetherebetween when the dressing member moves past an end of the cuttingedge of the tool with its bearing portions against the bearing portionsof the die means to permit metal of the heated cutting end of the toolto flow into the space ahead of the dressing member while the dressingmember is advancing whereby to inhibit lateral, flow of metal betweenthe die means and the dressing member. I

The die means may comprise a two-part die comprising opposeddie halvesadapted to fit together to generally surround the heated cutting end. ofa tool to be dressed, each die half havinga bearing portion and aguiding portion for cooperation'with a dressing member which may be inthe form of a roller. The bearing portions and the guiding portions ofthe respective die halves desirably extend generally parallel to eachother, to the parting plane of the two-part die and to the cutting edgeof the tool to be sharpened when dis- The dressing member is moved alongthe bearing portions and guiding portions oi? the die ber facing the diebeing disposed in between and guided halves to dress the heated cuttingend of the tool, the dressing member having bearing portions engagingthe bearing portions of the die halves as the dessing member moves overthe die, the portion of the dressing memby theguiding portions of'thedie halves, the dressing member having an active portion adapted toengage the heated cutting end of the tool to be dressed. The die andthe, active portion of the dressing member are relatively shaped toprovide space therebetween as above explained when the dressing membermoves past an end of the cutting edge of the tool with its bearingportions against the bearing portions of the die to permit metal of theheated cutting end of the tool to flow into the spacea'head of tlidressing roller while the dressing muer is advancing whereby to.inhibit. and indeed bloc k lateralflow of, metal between the roller andthe gniding portions of the die. i

Other details, objects and advantages of the invention will become'apparent as'the following description of a present preferre'd embodimentthereof and a present preferred method of practicin'g'the same proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown a present preferred embodimentof "the invention and Have illusw trated'a present preferred method ofpracticing the same w i Figure 1 is a fragmentary plan view, partly inhorizontal cross section, of tool dressing means;

Figure 2 is a central vertical cross-sectional view taken on the lineII- -II of Figure l; and V Figure 3 is a'face view of the die shown inFigures land2. 7

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, there is shown atwo-part die designated generally by reference numeral 2 which comprisesopposed die halves 3 which are adaptedto fit together to generallysurround the heate d cutting end of a tool to be dressed. The die'halveswhen fitted together provide a central opening 4 shown in Figure 3 whichis of generally the same shape'as the cross section of the tool to bedressed. While the tool itself is not shown in the drawings, the die hasopposed inward projections 5 adapted to enter the water courses of thetool and opposed generally rounded faces 6 adapted to embrace thecorrespondingly shaped faces of the tool between the water courses. Eachof the die halves 3 has a projection 7 at its bottom adapted to enter arecess in the die supporting frame so that the dies may be opened andclosed by turning movement generally about the projections 7 as wellknown to those skilled in the art. Since the mounting and operatingmechanism for the dies does not constitute the present invention suchmounting and operating mechanism is not shown in the drawings. It maybethe monnting and operating mechanism shown in said copendingapplication.

The left-hand face of the die 2 viewing Figures 1 and 2 is shaped tocooperate with a dressing member shown as in the form of a dressingroller 8 to dress the cutting end of the tool, The dressing roller is ofgenerally cylindrical shape but with a central peripheral recess 9 forshaping the cutting edge of the tool. The dressing roller 8 has at itsends coaxial trunnions 10 mounted in bearings 11 carried by generallydepending arms 12 connected by a cross member 13 to which is in turnconnected a generally upwardly extending piston rod 14 carrying apiston, not shown, whieh operates in a generally vertically orientedcylinder mounted aboye the roller. Operation of the piston in thecylinder moves the roller up and down viewing Figure 2.

Opposed links 15 embracing the trunnions 10 also embrace the reducedends 16 of a cross member 17 to which is connected a piston rod 18carrying a piston, not shown, which operates in a generally horizontallyoriented cylinder. When the .piston carried by piston rod 18 is forcedtoward the right viewing Figures 1 and 2 it presses the dressing roller8 toward the die 2.

The mounting and operating means for the dressing roller 8 have beenshown only diagrammatically since such mounting and operating means maybe convention al. Similar mounting and operating means for a dressingroller are disclosed in said copending application.

' The left-hand face of the die 2 viewing Figures l and 2 is shapedgenerally complementally with respect to the dressing roller 8 inhorizontal cross section as manages shown in Figure 1 except that thedie is recessed opposite part of the roller, the recess being designatedby reference numeral 19. Laterally outside the recessed portion 19 ofthe die 2 each of the die halves 3 has a bearing portion 20, the bearingportions 20 extending generally parallel to each other, to the partingplane of the die and to the cutting edge of the tool to be sharpenedwhen disposed in the die. Outside the bearing portions 20 the die hasguiding portions 21 which are parallel to the bearing portions 20 andproject toward the left viewing Figure 1 relatively to the operativeface of the die. The guiding portions 21 are spaced apart a distancesuch as to guidingly receive the edge of the roll 8 therebetween asshown in Figure 1. The roll 8 has bearing portions 22 bearing againstthe bearing portions 20 of the die 2. In vertical cross section the die2 has the shape shown in Figure 2 which is to impart to the cutting edgeof the tool being dressed the desired conformation as known to thoseskilled in the art.

At the beginning of a tool dressing operation the roller 8 is retractedtoward the left viewing Figures 1 and 2 away from the die 2 and the diehalves 3 are turned generally outwardly about the projections 7 to openthe die. The end of; a tOol heated to forging temperature is insertedinto the die and the die halves are closed against each other to embracethe end of the tool as known to those skilled in the art. The end of thetool projects somewhat to the left relatively to the left hand face ofthe die 2 viewing Figures 1 and 2 so that when it is acted on by theroller 8 the metal projecting beyond the diewill be forged to dress thetool and form a sharp cutting edge thereon.

With the tool thus held in the die the roller 8 is pressed toward theright by admitting pressure behind the piston carried by the piston rod18 and at the same time the piston carried by piston rod 14 isalternately moved up and down in its cylinder, the effect being to movethe roll 8 up and down relatively to the die 2 and against the heatedend of the tool while exerting great pressure against the heated end ofthe tool and against the die. As the roller 8 moves up and down itsbearing portions 22 ride on the bearing portions 20 of the die halves Qand the roller is guided by the guiding portions 2 1 of the die halves,insuring proper guiding of the roller relatively to the die as aboveexplained. The roller shapes h end of the too th m tal e n m w a la igdue to having been heated, to forging temperature before being insertedinto the die. The recess 19 in the die provides clearance between theroller'and the die at the central active portion of the roller when theroller rolla past each of the upper and lower ends ofthe: cutting edgeof the tool viewing Figure 1 with the bearing portions 22 of the rollagainst the bearing portions 2o of the die so that metal of the heatedcutting end of the tool flows into the space 10 ahead of the rollerwhile the roller is advancing to inhibit lateral flow of metal betweenthe roller and the die which as above explained results in improperdressing of the tool. 'Also, the guiding portions 21 of the die betweenWhich the edge of the roller fits positively block lateral flow of metalbetween the roller and the die.

Thus the flow of metal during dressing of a tool is controlled so thatthe metal flows ahead of the dressing member and is prevented fromflowing laterally between the dressing member and the die whereby theundesirable results heretofore obtained are obviated.

Subject matter disclosed but not claimed herein is claimed in copendingapplication Serial No. 622,162'jfiled November 14, 1956. J

While I have shown and described a present preferred embodiment of theinvention and a present preferred method of pract cing the same it is tobe distinctly unrs ocd t a th nven n is o lim t the tb m may beotherwise variously embodied within the scope of the, following claims.i

I claim: 7

1. Tool dressing means comprising multi-part die means adapted togenerally surround the heated cutting end of a tool to be dressed andhaving bearing portions extending transversely thereof generallyparallel to and at opposite sides of the center line of the die means atwhich the cutting edge of the tool is disposed during dressing and adressing member adapted to be moved over the die means to dress theheated cutting end of the tool, means for moving the dressing memberback and forth over the die means to dress theheated cutting end of thetool, the dressing member having bearing portions engaging the bearingportions of the die means as the dressing member moves over the diemeans and the dressing member having an active portion between thebearing portions thereof "adapted to engage the heated cutting end ofthe tool to be dressed, the die means and the active portion of thedressing member being relatively shaped to provide space therebetweenwhen the dressing member moves past an end of the cutting edge of thetool with its bearing portions against the bearing portions of the diemeans to permit metal of vthe heated cutting end of the tool to flowinto the space ahead of the dressing member while the dressing member isadvancing whereby to inhibit lateral flow of metal between the die meansand the dressing member.

2. Tool dressing means comprising multi-part die means adapted togenerally surround the heated cutting end of a tool to be dressed andhaving dressing member guiding means extending transversely thereofgenerally parallel to and at opposite sides of the center line of thedie means at which the cutting edge of the tool is disposed duringdressing and a dressing member adapted to be moved over the die meanswith the portion of the dressing member facing the die means disposed inbetween and guided by the guiding means to dress the heated cutting endof the tool and means for moving the dressing member back and forth overthe die means to dress the heated cutting end of the tool.

3. Tool dressing means comprising multi-part die means adapted togenerally surround the heated cutting end of a tool to be dressed andhaving bearing portions extending transversely thereof generallyparallel to and at opposite sides of the center line of the die means atwhich the cutting edge of the tool is disposed during dressing and alsohaving dressing member guiding means outside the respective bearingportions andgenerally parallel thereto and raised above the bearingportions and a dressing member adapted to be moved over the die means todress the heated cutting end of the tool, means for moving the dressingmember back and forth overthe die means to dress the heated cutting endof the tool, the dressing member having bearing portions engaging thebearing portions of the die means as the dressing member moves over thedie means and the dressing member having an active portion between thebearing portions thereof adapted to engage the heated cutting end of thetool to be dressed, the portion of the dressing member facing the diemeans being disposed in between and guided by the guiding means, the diemeans and the active por tion of the dressing member being relativelyshaped to provide space therebetween when the dressingmember moves pastan end of the cutting edge of the tool with its bearing portions againstthe bearing portions of the die means to permit metal of the heatedcutting end of the tool to flow into the space ahead of the dressingmember while the dressing member is advancing, the guiding means inaddition to guiding the dressing member also inhibiting lateral flow ofmetal during dressing of the tool.

4. Tool dressing means comprising multi-part die means adapted togenerally surround the heated cutting end of a tool to be dressed andhaving bearing portions extending transversely thereof generallyparallel to and at opposite sides of the center line of the die means at6., which the cutting edge of the tool is disposed during dressing and adressing roller adapted to roll over the die. means to dress the heatedcutting end of the tool, means for rolling the dressing roller back andforth over the die means to dress the heated cutting end of the tool,the dressing roller having bearing portions engaging the bearingportions of the die means as the dressing roller rolls over the diemeans and the dressing roller having an active portion between thebearing portions thereof adapted to engage the heated cutting end of thetool to be dressed, thedie-means and the active portion of the dressingroller being relatively shapedto provide space therebetween when thedressing roller rolls past an end of the cutting edge of the tool withits bearing portions against the bearing portions of the die means topermit metal of the heated cutting end of the tool to flow into thespace ahead of the dressing roller while the dressing roller isadvancing whereby to inhibit lateral flow of metal between the die meansand the dressing roller.

5. Tool dressing means comprising multi-part die means adapted togenerally surround the heated cutting end of a tool to be dressed andhaving bearing portions extending transversely thereof generallyparallel to and at opposite sides of the center line of the die means atwhich the cutting edge of the tool is disposed during dress ing and adressing member adapted to be moved over the die means to dress theheated cutting end of the tool,

means for moving the dressing member back and forth over the die meansto dress the heated cutting end of the tool, the dressing member havingbearing portions engaging the bearing portions of the die means as thedressing member moves over the die means and the dressing member havingan active portion between the bearing portions thereof adapted to engagethe heated cutting end of the tool to be dressed, the die means and theactive portion of the dressing member being generally complementallyshaped except that the die means is recessed opposite part of the activeportion of the dressing member to provide space therebetween when thedressing member moves past an end of the cutting edge of the tool withits bearing portions against the bearing portions of the die means topermit metal of the heated cutting end of the tool to flow into thespace ahead of the dressing member while the dressing member isadvancing whereby to inhibit lateral flow of metal between the die meansand the dressing member.

6. Tool dressing means comprising a two-part die comprising opposed diehalves adapted to fit together to generally surround the heated cuttingend of a tool to be dressed, each die half having a bearing portion anda guiding portion for cooperation with a dressing roller, the bearingportions and the guiding portions of the respective die halves extendinggenerally parallel to each other, to the parting plane of the two-partdie and to the cutting edge of the tool to be sharpened when disposed inthe die, and a dressing roller adapted to roll along the bearingportions and guiding portions of the die halves to dress the heatedcutting end of the tool, the dressing roller having bearing portionsengaging the bearing portions of the die halves as the dressing rollerrolls over the die, the portion of the dressing roller facing the diebeing disposed in between and guided by the guiding portions of the diehalves, the dressing roller having an active portion adapted to engagethe heated cutting end of the tool to be dressed, the die and the activeportion of the dressing roller being relatively shaped to provide spacetherebetween when the dressing roller rolls past an end of the cuttingedge of the tool with its bearing portions against the bearing portionsof the die to permit metal of the heated cutting end of the tool to flowinto the space ahead of the dressing roller while the dressing roller isadvancing whereby to inhibit lateral flow of metal between the rollerand the guiding portions of the die.

7. Tool dressing means comprising multi-part die means adapted togenerally surround the heatedcutting end of a tool to be dressed andhaving bearing portions extending transversely thereof generallyparallel to and at opposite sides of the center line of the die means atwhich the cutting edge of the tool is disposed during dressing and adressing member adapted to be moved over the die means to dress theheated cutting end of the tool, means for moving the dressing memberback and forth over the die means to dress the heated cutting end of thetool, the dressing member having bearing portions engaging the bearingportions of the die means as the dressing member moves over the diemeans and the dressing member having an active portion between thebearing portions thereof adapted to engage the heated cutting end of thetool to be dressed, the die means and the active portion of the dressingmember being generally complementally shaped except that at least one ofthe dressing member and die means is recessed opposite part of theactive portion of the other, thereof to provide space therebetvveen whenthe dressing member moves past an end of the cutting edge of he tool wiits bearing P0 tions against the bearing Portions of the die means topermit metal of the heated cutting end of the tool to flow into thespace ahead of the dressing member while the dressing member isadvancing whereby to inhibit lateral flow of metal between the die meansand the dressing member.

Rsfe sgses .C ssi i t fi e of this Pa UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,767,881Gustin June 24, 1930 2,443 814 Curtis June 22, 1948 2,615,353 Ives Oct.28, 1952 2,771,796 1956

